比較 · JLPT N4
ので vs のに
node vs noni
ので gives a reason (because); のに gives a contradiction with frustration (even though). They look alike but mean nearly opposite things.
ので vs のに: because versus even though, the one-letter difference that flips the meaning of the sentence.
Side by side
| ので (node) | のに (noni) | |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | Because | Even though, despite |
| Result | Expected | Unexpected or unwelcome |
| Feeling | Neutral | Disappointment, complaint |
| Form | 雨なので | 雨なのに |
Read the second half
If the second half follows naturally from the first, it is ので: 「勉強したので、合格した」. If it goes against expectations, it is のに: 「勉強したのに、落ちた」.
Both take な after nouns and な-adjectives: 日曜日なので, 日曜日なのに.
Side-by-side examples
Tap a kanji for its reading.
- たくさん勉強したので、合格しました。I studied a lot, so I passed.Expected result.
- たくさん勉強したのに、落ちました。I studied a lot, yet I failed.Unexpected, frustrating.
- 日曜日なので、銀行は休みです。It's Sunday, so the bank is closed.Reason.
- 日曜日なのに、仕事に行きました。Even though it was Sunday, I went to work.Against expectations.
Quick check
- 約束した（ ）、彼は来なかった。
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のに · Not coming goes against the promise. - 雨が降っている（ ）、傘を持って行きます。
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ので · Taking an umbrella follows naturally. - 薬を飲んだ（ ）、まだ痛い。
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のに · Still hurting is unexpected.